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Regulatory update - January 2020

Published on 15 Jan 2020.

Welcome to the January edition of our monthly Regulatory Update, which aims to pull together key developments from the past month across the various UK regulators – and help you to navigate the regulatory maze.

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Regulatory update - December 2019

Published on 11 Dec 2019.

Welcome to the December edition of our monthly Regulatory Update, which aims to pull together key developments from the past month across the various UK regulators – and help you to navigate the regulatory maze.

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Thinking - Publication

Regulatory update - November 2019

Published on 11 Nov 2019.

Welcome to the November edition of our monthly Regulatory Update, which aims to pull together key developments from the past month across the various UK regulators – and help you to navigate the regulatory maze.

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Thinking - Publication

Regulatory update - October 2019

Published on 10 Oct 2019. By Gavin Reese, Partner, Head of Regulatory

Welcome to the October edition of our monthly Regulatory update, which aims to pull together key developments from across the various UK regulators – and help you to navigate the regulatory maze.

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UK Data (Use and Access) Act comes into force

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

What are the key elements of the UK’s new Data (Use and Access) Act (DUAA)?

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ICO publishes new guidance on anonymisation and pseudonymisation

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

What are the ICO's latest key recommendations for effective anonymisation and pseudonymisation of personal data?

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Encryption under scrutiny: what the ICO’s new guidance means for your business

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

What is the ICO's current thinking around encryption practices where organisations are subject to the UK GDPR?

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€530m TikTok fine highlights the importance of effective international data transfer mechanisms

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

What were the missing compliance elements in TikTok's international data transfers to China and why did these result in such a significant fine?

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SHEIN faces EU scrutiny over consumer law violations

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

Following a coordinated investigation at European level, SHEIN has been notified that certain of its platform practices infringe EU consumer law, with fake discounts, the use of pressure selling tactics, and unclear returns policies, being examples cited by the Commission.

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CMA secures undertakings from Amazon to combat fake reviews

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

What do Amazon’s undertakings reveal about the CMA’s expectations for businesses in complying with consumer protection laws on fake reviews?

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CMA consults on draft price transparency guidance under the DMCCA

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

What practical guidance is given by the CMA in its new draft guidance on price transparency under the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024 (DMCCA)?

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Green claims update

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

In a shock last minute U-turn, the European Commission proposed withdrawing the Green Claims Directive over concerns about the regulatory burden, particularly for SMEs, of getting green claims independently verified.

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CJEU rules on comparative advertising and online comparison services

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

Does an online comparison service fall within the remit of the comparative advertising rules contained in the Misleading and Comparative Advertising Directive (2006/114/EC)?

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CAP issues guidance on use of AI in ads

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

When does the use of AI need to be disclosed in ads?

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Brand-only ads excluded from restrictions on advertising "less healthy" food and drink products

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

Do the new restrictions on advertising "less healthy" food and drink products apply to brand-only advertising?

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ASA rules against brand for an ad it had never seen

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

Are brands responsible for third-party advertising of their products, even when they never directly authorised (or had ever seen) those ads?

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ASA & CAP's focus on AI influencer ad disclosures

Published on 23 Sep 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

What top tips can be taken from the UK Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) and the Committee of Advertising Practice (CAP) in their recent Annual Report for 2024 and report on Influencer Ad Disclosure on Social Media (Influencer Report)?

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High Court rules against Sky Betting’s targeted marketing

Published on 10 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

What constitutes valid consent under UK data protection law, particularly in the context of targeted marketing to vulnerable individuals?

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Status update on the UK’s new Data (Use and Access) Bill

Published on 10 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

The UK’s new Data (Use and Access) Bill (DUA Bill) is on its way, but where is it in the legislative process? And what are proving the sticking points?

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Developing responsible GenAI – the UK and EU regulatory view

Published on 10 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

What is the UK and EU data protection authorities’ view on ensuring responsible generative AI (GenAI) development and deployment?

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European Data Protection Board adopts statement on age assurance technologies

Published on 10 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

How is the European Data Protection Board (EDPB) proposing to address the benefits and risks of age assurance technologies?

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New ICO guidance for “consent or pay” online ads

Published on 10 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

What is the view of the UK Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) on whether “consent or pay” online advertising models are compliant with UK data protection law?

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Contract formation: use of emoji showed objective intention to enter into contract

Published on 10 May 2025. By Caroline Tuck, Partner and Eleanor Harley , Partner

Is the use of a “thumbs up” emoji sufficient to convey acceptance when forming general commercial contracts?

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Court of Appeal confirms financial claim caught by clause excluding liability for loss of anticipated profits

Published on 10 May 2025. By Caroline Tuck, Partner and Eleanor Harley , Partner

How did the Court of Appeal approach the construction of an exclusion clause to determine whether the Claimant’s financial claim for breach of an exclusivity provision was properly described as a claim for “anticipated profits” and as such was excluded by that clause?

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Supreme Court determines that the parties’ common intention decides whether a contract is varied or replaced

Published on 10 May 2025. By Caroline Tuck, Partner and Eleanor Harley , Partner

How will a court determine whether a contract has been varied or replaced?

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Variation of contract by email valid without expressly referring to exercise of contractual right

Published on 10 May 2025. By Caroline Tuck, Partner and Eleanor Harley , Partner

How will a court determine the formality requirements for a valid contract variation?

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The EU’s Work Programme 2025 – ePrivacy Reg and AI Liability Directive dropped!

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

What are the main takeaways for the tech industry from the European Commission’s Work Programme 2025?

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EU Guidance on the AI Act

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

How is the European Commission helping businesses interpret the EU’s Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act)?

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The Online Safety Act: Illegal Harms Codes officially in force, focus now on children

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

What are service providers’ new obligations under Ofcom’s new Codes of Practice on Illegal Harms and its Age Assurance and Children’s Access Guidance?

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The UK Government’s consultation on Copyright and AI

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

How is the UK Government considering striking the balance between the protection of copyright in materials and the training of AI?

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UK’s new AI Cyber Security Code of Practice

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

How is the UK Government seeking to protect AI systems from growing cyber security threats, in particular in respect of deployable AI systems using GenAI?

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UK’s “AI Opportunities Action Plan”

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

How will the UK Government’s new AI Opportunities Action Plan (Plan) impact businesses?

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“Ronan’s Law” to impact retailer and online platform liability for knife sales

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

How will the UK’s proposal to crack down on the online sale of knives impact retailers?

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EU “ecodesign” product regulation lands, together with new digital product passport

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

What does the EU’s new regulation on ecodesign and sustainability mean for products and those who manufacture, import, deal and distribute them?

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EU proposals to make online marketplaces liable for unsafe or illegal goods and collection of taxes

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

How concerned should online marketplaces be about new EU rules on e-commerce imports?

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EU Online Dispute Regulation Platform discontinued!

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

The EU Online Dispute Resolution Platform (ODR Platform) was set up in 2016 under the Regulation (EU) No 524/2013 (Regulation), as an alternative route to court for disputes arising from online sales or service contracts

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CJEU considering liability of App Store providers for unlawful loot boxes

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

Should intermediary service providers (eg app stores) be held liable for the supply of games containing unlawful loot boxes to consumers in breach of local gambling legislation?

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CMA guidance on unfair commercial practices under the DMCCA

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

What practical guidance is given by the CMA on unfair commercial practices under the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024 (DMCCA)?

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CMA’s enforcement road map for the new DMCCA plus consumer protection priorities

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead and David Cran, Partner, Head of Disputes

Where will the CMA focus its new enforcement powers under the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumer Act 2024 (DMCCA)? And what are the CMA’s consumer protection priorities?

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Green claims update

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

The CMA has recently consulted on draft guidance to help businesses comply with the revamped consumer protection rules under the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024. The guidance summarises key changes including broader definitions of “commercial practices” and “misleading actions” making it easier to enforce against misleading green claims.

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ASA gets tougher on brand advertising for “less healthy” food and drink products

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

What does CAP and BCAP’s new “identifiability test” mean for the advertising of “less healthy” food and drink (LHF) products?

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UK advertising codes to be amended to reflect new DMCCA

Published on 09 May 2025. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

What are the proposed key amendments to the CAP and BCAP Codes to align with the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024?

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Travel agent found to have misled consumers with “from” price claims

Published on 10 Dec 2024. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

How can advertisers avoid misleading consumers when using “from” price claims?

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ASA rules against telecoms companies on mid-contract price rises

Published on 10 Dec 2024. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

What steps should be taken to ensure contractual mid-term price rises don’t fall foul of advertising regulations or Ofcom’s existing and incoming transparency rules?

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Harmful Online Choice Architecture: ASA criticises Nike and Sky for “dark pattern” tactics

Published on 10 Dec 2024. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

What must businesses do to ensure that their ads do not fall foul of the ASA and CMA’s ongoing investigations into harmful choice architecture and dark pattern tactics?

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Influencer posts and affiliate links: the whole marketing chain must know the rules

Published on 10 Dec 2024. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

Why did the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) rule against Sainsbury’s on the use of an affiliate link by an influencer (noting that Sainsbury’s had no involvement in the creation of the post) and what steps could Sainsbury’s take to help prevent the problem from happening again?

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Round up of recent green claims

Published on 10 Dec 2024. By Oliver Bray, Senior Partner, Technology, Media & Entertainment Sector Lead

Round up of recent green claims: Key updates and sector-specific updates

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Effect of a contractual liability cap on set-off and contractual interest

Published on 10 Dec 2024. By Caroline Tuck, Partner and Eleanor Harley , Partner

Under a contract’s liability cap, should the cap be applied separately to each party’s liability before any set-off or after calculating the net financial position between the parties?

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Agreements to agree: Price for goods “to be fixed” by agreement results in partially enforceable contract

Published on 10 Dec 2024. By Caroline Tuck, Partner and Eleanor Harley , Partner

Where a contract for the sale of goods did not expressly specify the price for a portion of the goods, was the contract for the sale of those goods, or an element of it, enforceable or unenforceable as a mere agreement to agree?

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Construing material adverse effect/material adverse change clauses

Published on 10 Dec 2024. By Caroline Tuck, Partner and Eleanor Harley , Partner

How did the courts go about construing a material adverse effect definition (MAE) in a share purchase agreement (SPA) to determine whether an event constituted a MAE so as to discharge the buyers from their obligation to close the transaction?

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